With these vast advantages,
with her larger area, more fertile soil, cheaper subsistence, her coal
and iron and great hydraulic power, with so much cotton raised by
herself and in adjacent States, Virginia should have manufactured much
more cotton than New York. But, by the Census (Table 22), the value of
the cotton manufacture of Virginia in 1850 was $1,446,109, and in 1860,
$1,063,611--a decrease of one third. In New York, the value of the
cotton manufacture in 1850 was $5,019,323, and in 1860, $7,471,961, an
increase of over 48 per cent. So, if we look at the tables of mines,
manufactures, and the fisheries, with the vastly superior advantages of
Virginia, the whole product in 1860 was of the value of $51,300,000, and
of agriculture $68,700,000; while in New York these values were
respectively $379,633,560 and $226,376,440. (Tables of Census, 33 and
36.)
CLIMATE AND MORTALITY.--By Table 6, page 22, of the Census,
there were for the year ending June 1st, 1860, 46,881 deaths in New
York, being 1 in every 82 of the population, and 1.22 per cent. The
number of deaths in Virginia, in the same year, was 22,472, being 1 in
every 70 of the population, or 1.43 per cent. There was, then, a slight
difference in favor of New York. But Virginia is divided into four
geographical sections; the tide-water, the Piedmont (running from the
tide-water region to the Blue Mountains), the valley between these
mountains and the Alleghanies, and the trans-Alleghany to the Ohio.
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